In a world darkened by ethnic conflicts that tear nations apart, Canada stands as a model of how people of different cultures can live and work together in peace, prosperity, and mutual respect.
U.S. President Bill Clinton 

Travel through the eras of  history and the development of the various nations that make up Canada today.

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The Campaign of 1760

 The French field army was not captured with Quebec; Montreal remained untaken; and another campaign was necessary to complete the conquest of Canada.  Through the winter of 1759-60 the British under General James Murray held Quebec.  Early in the spring Montcalm's successor, Levis, marched against the city.  Murray went out to meet him and was defeated on 28 April in the battle of Ste.  Foy.  This action in the snow was New France's last victory.  Murray fell back into Quebec and Levis besieged him.  The colony might still have been saved for France by powerful aid from the mother country.  But the fleet that came up the St. Lawrence in May was British, not French.

For the final campaign, Pitt again called upon the British colonies for great efforts.  He gave Amherst a free hand, and the Commander-in-Chief resolved on a triple attack.  Brigadier Haviland would make the advance upon Montreal by Lake Champlain; Murray would sail up the St. Lawrence from Quebec; and Amherst himself, with the main army, over 10,000 strong, was to move down the St. Lawrence from Lake Ontario. This converging strategy prevented any possibility of French forces with, drawing into the west, where Detroit was still in French hands.  The French hoped to concentrate against the smaller detachments successively and defeat them in detail; but they were unequal to the task.

On the Lake Champlain line, Isle aux Noix and St. Johns had to be abandoned to Haviland's superior force, which soon drove on to the St. Lawrence.  Murray simply bypassed the French garrisons on his route; and the only serious obstacle encountered by Amherst was a petty fortification, Fort de Levis, on an island at the head of the St. Lawrence rapids near the modern site of Prescott.  He landed guns and solemnly and systematically blew it to smithereens.  After losing some men in descending the rapids, he landed on the island of Montreal. ("I have suffered by the Rapides not by the enemy", he wrote later.) In the words of Sir Julian Corbett, "So, like the striking of a clock, Amherst's wide-flung movements chimed together at the appointed hour." With the British forces concentrated, and their own men deserting in shoals, L6vis and Vaudreuil had scarcely more than 2000 troops to face 17,000.  They had no choice but to capitulate; and on 8-9 September Montreal, and Canada, passed into British hands.  Thus ended the long struggle between France and Britain in North America.